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Xayeysiinta:

Baadh Adeegyada Naqshadeynta gudaha Maraykanka ama qor liistadaada. Xayeysiiso, iibiso hantidaada, ku qor liis gareyn

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Mareykanka (Mareykanka), oo loo yaqaan Mareykanka (Mareykanka ama Mareykanka) ama Mareykanka, waa waddan ka kooban 50 dowladood, degmo federaal ah, shan dhul oo iskood u maamusho, iyo hantiyo kala duwan. 3.8 milyan oo mayl laba jibaaran (9.8 milyan km2), waa dalka saddexaad ee saddexaad ama afraad ee adduunka ugu weyn marka la eego isugeyn ahaan. Inta badan wadanka wuxuu ku yaalaa bartamaha North America inta udhaxeysa Canada iyo Mexico. Dad lagu qiyaasey in ka badan 328 milyan, Mareykanka waa dalka saddexaad ee ugu dadka badan adduunka (Shiinaha iyo Hindiya ka dib). Caasimadda waa Washington, DC, magaalada ugu dadka badanna waa New York City. Paleo-Indian waxay ka haajireen Siberiya ugana aaday dhanka dhulka Waqooyiga Ameerika ugu yaraan 12,000 sano kahor. Gumeysigii Reer Yurub wuxuu bilaabmay qarnigii 16aad. Mareykanka wuxuu ka soo baxay saddex iyo toban gumeystihii Ingiriiska ee laga aasaasay Xeebta Bari. Khilaafaadyo badan oo u dhexeeya Ingiriiska iyo gumeystihii ayaa horseeday Dagaalkii Kacaanka ee Mareykanka oo socdey inta u dhaxeysa 1775 iyo 1783, taasoo horseeddey xornimo. Mareykanka wuxuu bilaabay fiditaan aad u balaaran oo ku baahsan Waqooyiga Ameerika dhammaan qarnigii 19aad - si tartiib tartiib ah ayuu u helay dhulal cusub, u qaxay Mareykanka Dhaladka ah, iyo inuu aqbalaa dalal cusub — ilaa 1848 markii ay qaaradda ka dhex wareegtay. Intii lagu jiray qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii 19aad, Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Mareykanku wuxuu horseeday in la baabi'iyo addoonsiga Mareykanka. Dagaalkii Isbaanish-Mareykan iyo Dagaalkii Adduunka ee 1aad wuxuu caddeeyay maqaamka waddanku inuu yahay awood militari caalami ah. Mareykanka wuxuu ka soo baxay Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka isagoo ah awood caalami ah. Waxay ahayd waddankii ugu horreeyay ee sameeya hubka nukliyeerka waana dalka keliya ee ugu adeegsaday dagaalka. Intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Qaboobaa, Mareykanka iyo Midowgii Soofiyeeti waxay ku tartameen Dhulkii loo yaqaan "Space Race", oo ku soo gabagabeeyey howlgalka 1969 Apollo 11, nambiilaadkii ugu horreeyay ee ay soo degeen bina aadamka. Dhamaadkii Dagaalkii Qaboobaa iyo burburkii Midowgii Soofiyeeti 1991kii wuxuu ka tegey Mareykanka inuu yahay quwadda keliya ee adduunka. Mareykanka waa jamhuuriyad federaal ah iyo dimuqraadiyad wakiil ah. Waa xubin aasaasi ah oo ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay, Bangiga Adduunka, Hay'adda Lacagta Adduunka, Ururka Waddamada Mareykanka (OAS), NATO, iyo ururro kale oo caalami ah. Waa xubin joogto ah oo ka tirsan Golaha Amniga ee Qaramada Midoobay. Waddan aad u horumarsan, Mareykanka waa dhaqaalaha ugu weyn adduunka ee ku magacaaban GDP, kan labaad ee ugu weyn marka la iibsado awoodda awoodda, waxayna ku kacdaa qiyaastii afar meelood meel GDP adduunka. Mareykanka waa soo dejiyaha ugu weyn adduunka iyo kan labaad ee ugu dhoofinta badan badeecadaha, qiime ahaan. In kasta oo dadkiisu ay yihiin 4% wadarta guud ee adduunka, haddana waxay haysataa 29.4% wadarta guud ee hantida dunida, oo ah qaybta ugu badan ee hantida adduunka ku urursan hal waddan. In kasta oo kala-duwanaanshaha dakhliga iyo hantida, Mareykanku sii wado inuu ku qiimeeyo heerar aad u sarreeya oo ah waxqabadka dhaqan-dhaqaale, oo ay ku jiraan mushahar celcelis ahaan, dakhliga dhexdhexaadka ah, maalka dhexdhexaadka ah, horumarka bini-aadamka, GDP-ga qofkiiba, iyo waxsoosaarka shaqaalaha. Waa awooda ugu weyn ee militari ee adduunka, oo ka samaysa wax ka badan saddex meelood meel qarashka militariga ee adduunka, waana hoggaamiye siyaasadeed oo caalami ah, dhaqan iyo cilmi ahaanba caalami ah.

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Naqshadeynta waa abuurista qorshe ama heshiis loogu talagalay sameynta shay, nidaam ama is dhexgalka aadanaha ee la cabiri karo (sida qaab dhismeedka qaab dhismeedka, sawirrada injineernimada, hannaanka ganacsiga, jaantusyada wareega, iyo qaababka tolidda). [1] Naqshaddu waxay leedahay macno kaladuwan oo ku saabsan laamo kaladuwan (ka eeg naqshad naqshadeynta xagga hoose). Xaaladaha qaarkood, dhismaha tooska ah ee shayga (sida dheriyada, injineernimada, maareynta, koodh-garaynta, iyo naqshada garaafka) waxaa sidoo kale loo tixgeliyaa inay isticmaalaan fikirka naqshada. Naqshadeynta naqshadeynta badanaa waxay ubaahantahay tixgalinta bilicsanaanta, shaqada, dhaqaalaha, iyo dhinacyada dhaqan ahaan labadaba sheyga naqshadeynta iyo hanaanka naqshadeynta. Waxay ku lug yeelan kartaa cilmi-baaris ballaaran, fikir, moodello, is-dhexgal, iyo dib-u-qaabayn. Dhanka kale, noocyo kala duwan oo walxaha ah ayaa la naqshadeyn karaa, oo ay ku jiraan dharka, qalabka is-dhexgalka ee garaafka leh, cirka sare, aqoonsi shirkadeed, geedi socodyada ganacsiga, iyo xitaa habab ama habeynta naqshadaynta. [2] Markaa “nashqadeynta” ayaa laga yaabaa inay tahay tilmaan muhiim ah oo loo tixraacayo diidmada guud ee shay abuurka ama waxyaabaha (naqshadaynta shay), ama ficil loogu talagalay geedi socodka abuuritaanka sida lagu caddeeyay macnaha naxwe ahaan. Waa ficil hal abuur iyo hal abuur.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/